Nanomedicine: A Vast Horizon on a Molecular Landscape – Part VI, Nanoparticles as Cancer Biomarkers
Sep 27th, 2016 by Jing Zhou | News | Recent News & Articles |
A critical step to effectively fighting cancer is detecting it at a very early stage. Currently the clinical diagnosis of cancer mainly relies on imaging techniques such as X-ray, mammography, ultrasound, endoscopy, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathology [e.g., examination of a tissue biopsy under a microscope]). However, these techniques often cannot distinguish differences between healthy and diseased cells/tissues at the early stage of cancer, when the malignancy of tissues are not sufficiently visible, but the alternation of far more subtle protein and molecular markers due to the cancer have already presented. Although notable successful techniques have been developed in the molecular analysis such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), these techniques are labor intensive, involving complex operational procedures, and requiring high stability of reagents. Therefore, the market is calling to develop new techniques and tools to enhance the biomarker detection at the very early stages of cancer.
